You can create custom metrics and attributes to use in your report that help you present your business data just how you want it. To do this, you'll need to learn how to write formulas. Formulas perform comparisons, calculations, and manipulations on your data, and help you evaluate conditions.
For more information about formulas, see Formula writing resources.
Understanding Explore formulas
Formulas are generally constructed with two pieces:
- Metrics and attributes that contain your Zendesk information
- Functions that perform operations on those metrics and attributes
Formulas in Explore are read from left to right, and follow the mathematical order of operations. A formula can contain multiple statements, each containing a combination of metrics, attributes, and functions that are used to define the data you're looking for.
Within a formula, functions, such as IF/THEN, are often contained within parentheses
(), much like algebra, so that they don't affect the rest of the formula.
If a formula has only one function, parentheses might not be necessary.
Metric and attribute names are contained within brackets []. Metric and
attribute values, expressed as text strings, are contained in quotation marks, and must
match the values exactly. For example, "End-user" and "end user" are two different values.
(For more on attribute values in formulas, see How do I find an attribute value?) Operators are used to connect
attribute names and values, or to perform additional calculations.
Putting this all together, a simple formula might read as follows:
Creating a formula
Now that you know that an Explore formula is made up of metrics, attributes, and functions, you'll learn how to create the example formula above.
It can be helpful to write down the logic of a formula to help you create it and find the right functions you need. In this case, the formula flow is "If the ticket channel is email, show me the ticket ID." You'll see later that this is very similar to the formula you'll end up with.
To create a formula that displays tickets from the email channel
- In Explore, create a new report or open an existing report for editing.
- Open the calculations menu (
).Important: If two editors are creating or editing different reports in the same dataset, only the first person who opened a report can access the Calculations menu. The other editor will see the message “This resource is locked because it is currently being edited by <name>”. Once the first person closes the report, the Calculations menu will become available to the next editor. - Click Standard calculated attribute. A new blank attribute opens.
- Enter a name for the attribute like Tickets received by email.
- In the formula window, start entering your formula. There are a number of ways you can do this, but for now, under functions, click Add.
- Search for IF THEN ELSE Conditional expression. Either use the search box, click Filter to scope the values down to the Logical category, or scroll through the list until you find the function you want.
- Next to IF THEN ELSE Conditional expression, click +.
Explore adds a template IF THEN ELSE formula to the window. The values in the formula shown in blue (beginning with an _ character) are placeholders that you must replace with the values you need.
Tip: Notice the error message prefixed with (
) above the formula. This indicates a problem and its location
in the formula. For now, you can ignore the error. It's appearing because your formula
is still using placeholders. - Next, you'll replace _boolean_condition with the Explore attribute you want to test. Either highlight _boolean_condition and then choose Ticket channel from the Fields menu, or amend the formula manually to add the attribute.
- Now, add the rest of the condition. To search for the string "Email", we add that to the
existing condition.
Your formula should now read IF ([Ticket channel]="Email") THEN _value_if_true ELSE _value_if_false ENDIF
- Next, add what you want to do if the condition is true, in this case return the ID of the ticket. Replace _value_if_true with [Ticket ID]. Notice that as you type [Ticket ID] that Explore automatically suggests matches to what you are typing. If the metric or attribute you want is shown, hit return to immediately complete entry of it.
- The ELSE clause shown in the template ticket can be used to provide an alternative action that will apply if the first condition is not true. In this case, we don't need it, so remove ELSE _value_if_false.
- You've now completed the formula. If all is well, you'll see something like the screen
below. Additionally. note that the error has gone and is replaced with a green check mark
to indicate that the formula is valid.
- Finally, click Save. The attribute you created can now be accessed by any of your Explore reports that use the same dataset. You can find it by clicking Add in any attribute panel and expanding Calculated attributes.
Adding metrics and attributes to your formula
It's likely that most of the formulas you write with Explore will use metrics or attributes from the dataset you are currently using. In the example above you used the attribute Ticket channel, but there are many hundreds more you can choose from.
While it can feel intimidating at first, most of these metrics and attributes have descriptive names that will help you to find what you need. Also, experiment with creating basic reports in Explore to learn more about what the various metrics and attributes do.
You can find a full list of all the metrics and attributes you can use in the Understanding Explore datasets.
To add a metric or attribute to your formula
- In the Explore formula window, click Select a field.
- Either scroll through the list, or type the first few letters of the metric or attribute
you want, to filter the list.
- Click the metric or attribute you want and it is added to the formula. In this case,
Ticket ID was chosen. Note how it is surrounded with brackets [].
The brackets indicate to Explore that this is a metric or attribute. An alternative method to enter a metric or attribute is to simply begin typing. Explore recognizes the brackets, and suggests the appropriate values to choose from.
If you want to add an aggregator to your metric or attribute, enter the text in capitals before the first bracket, for example COUNT[Ticket ID].
Adding functions to your formula
To add functions to your formula, click Add under Functions or type in a function name. As with metrics and attributes, Explore suggests auto-complete results for any functions you type in.
When you click Add, the Functions window opens. This window is useful if you are not sure which function is applicable to the calculated element you want to create. All functions in the window contain a brief explanation of their purpose. For a list of all functions and many examples, see Explore functions reference.
If you are looking for a specific function, you can search for functions or filter by function type.
- In the Functions window, click Filter.
- Type in a category or select a category from the drop-down list.
- Click the x next to the category name to remove the filter.
Adding comments to your formula
You can add comments to your formulas to explain how it works. This is helpful if you want to collaborate on formulas with other users, or if you want to make notes for yourself on why you built the formula the way you did.
To add a comment in a formula
- Find the place in a formula where you want to insert a comment.
- Type a forward slash and an asterisk (/*), type your comment, and then type an asterisk
and a forward slash (*/).
Warning: Clicking Format removes all comments. If you click Format and want to restore your comments, click anywhere outside the panel to close it without saving your changes.